What Size Wire for a 25 Amp Breaker?

Conductor size, aluminium equivalent, derating and maximum run length for a 25 amp circuit — all derived from published conductor geometry and the voltage-drop formula.

Quick answer

A 25 amp circuit needs 10 AWG copper with 75 °C terminations, or 10 AWG aluminium. 10 AWG copper applies where equipment terminals are limited to 60 °C. Voltage drop reaches 3% at roughly 115 ft one-way on 240 V and 57 ft on 120 V.
Formula estimate — source: Power-law ampacity model fitted to conductor heat dissipation; ASTM B258 geometry

Copper @ 75 °C

10 AWG

Copper @ 60 °C

10 AWG

Aluminium @ 75 °C

10 AWG

3% drop @ 240 V

115ft

Conductor options for 25 A

Estimated ampacity of each candidate size, so you can see the margin you are buying.

Material / ratingMinimum sizeEstimated ampacityMargin over 25 A
Copper, 60 °C10 AWG27 A+2 A
Copper, 75 °C10 AWG32 A+7 A
Copper, 90 °C12 AWG27 A+2 A
Aluminium, 75 °C10 AWG25 A+0 A
Aluminium, 90 °C10 AWG28 A+3 A
Ampacity estimated as I = 0.0670 × cmil^0.6505, scaled for insulation rating and material.

Source & method: Conductor areas come from the ASTM B258 relationship d = 5 × 92^((36 − n) / 39). Ampacity is a fitted physical model, not a reproduction of any code table, and runs within roughly ±8% of published values.

Maximum run length on 10 AWG copper

One-way distance before voltage drop passes the 3% and 5% guidelines.

System3% limit5% limitDrop @ 100 ft
120 V 1Ø57 ft96 ft5.18%
240 V 1Ø115 ft193 ft2.59%
208 V 3Ø115 ft193 ft2.59%
480 V 3Ø267 ft446 ft1.12%

Source & method: VD = 2 × K × I × L / cmil single phase, 1.732 × K × I × L / cmil three phase, with K = 12.9 for copper. 10 AWG is 10,383 circular mils and 0.9988 Ω per 1000 ft at 20 °C.

Wire size by run length for 25 A

Ampacity sets the floor; distance is what actually forces the upsize on long runs. Smallest copper conductor that carries the load and still holds 3% drop.

One-way run120 V 1Ø240 V 1Ø480 V 3Ø
50 ft10 AWG10 AWG10 AWG
75 ft8 AWG10 AWG10 AWG
100 ft6 AWG10 AWG10 AWG
150 ft4 AWG8 AWG10 AWG
200 ft4 AWG6 AWG10 AWG
250 ft3 AWG6 AWG10 AWG
300 ft2 AWG4 AWG8 AWG
Sized on both criteria at once: estimated 75 C ampacity and 3% voltage drop at the stated one-way distance.

Source & method: A dash means no listed size holds 3% at that distance and voltage — split the load, raise the system voltage, or move the panel closer.

Hot attics, conduit runs and bundling

What a 25 A circuit actually needs once ambient temperature and conductor count are applied.

Ambient3 conductors4–6 conductors7–9 conductors
30 °C10 AWG10 AWG8 AWG
40 °C10 AWG8 AWG8 AWG
50 °C8 AWG8 AWG6 AWG
60 °C8 AWG6 AWG4 AWG

Source & method: Ambient correction F = √((Tc − Ta) / (Tc − 30)) with Tc = 75 °C; bundling adjustment uses the standard stepped schedule (1.00 / 0.80 / 0.70). The conductor shown is the smallest copper size whose corrected ampacity still carries 25 A.

Where 25 A circuits are actually used

25 A is an uncommon residential rating and a routine commercial one: fractional-horsepower motor branch circuits, small package HVAC units, some ductless mini-split condensers, and equipment whose nameplate maximum overcurrent protection is printed as 25 A. It rarely appears as a general-purpose circuit because no standard receptacle configuration matches it.

When you see 25 A, check the equipment nameplate before checking any chart. Air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment is sized from its minimum circuit ampacity and its maximum overcurrent device, both stamped on the unit, and those two numbers override the ordinary conductor-plus-breaker pairing. The conductor follows the MCA; the breaker follows the MOCP and may be larger than the conductor's ampacity would otherwise allow.

For the installer, 25 A is mostly a stocking and device question. Two-pole 25 A breakers are less commonly on the shelf than 20 A or 30 A, and substituting the next size up is not permitted where the nameplate prints a maximum. Conductor choice usually ends up one size larger than the current alone suggests because the terminals on small HVAC equipment are listed at 75 degrees Celsius.

Continuous loads

A continuous load — one expected to run three hours or more, like commercial lighting or an EV charger — is designed at 125% of the load current. 25 A continuous becomes 31.3 A of design current, which lands on a 35 A overcurrent device and 10 AWG copper.

Frequently asked

What size wire do I need for a 25 amp breaker?
10 AWG copper is the smallest conductor our model estimates at or above 25 A using a 75 °C insulation rating; 10 AWG is required if the terminations are limited to 60 °C. In aluminium the equivalent is 10 AWG. Verify against the code edition adopted locally before installing.
Can I use aluminium wire on a 25 amp circuit?
Yes, where the terminations are rated for aluminium. Because aluminium carries roughly 78% of the current of the same copper size, a 25 A circuit steps up to 10 AWG and uses K = 21.2 in the voltage-drop formula instead of 12.9.
How far can a 25 amp circuit run?
On 10 AWG copper the 3% voltage-drop guideline is reached near 57 ft one-way at 120 V and 115 ft at 240 V. Longer runs need the next size or two up — length, not ampacity, decides most feeder sizes.
Is a 25 amp breaker sized at 100% of the load?
Only for non-continuous loads. A continuous load is designed at 125%, so 25 A of continuous current becomes 31.3 A of design current and lands on a 35 A device with conductors sized to match.
What is typically on a 25 amp circuit?
Commonly small wall ovens, some mini-split condensers. The load type also drives the receptacle and disconnect ratings, not just the conductor size.

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